New Lithium Batteries Could Last 10 Times Longer
New Lithium Batteries Could Last 10 Times Longer
The most consistent complaint I ever hear (or make) about smart phones is they eat up power like a fat kid eats candy. But a new development in how to manufacture rechargeable batteries for portable electronics could allow batteries to hold ten times more power than they do now.
Researchers at MIT found that using carbon nanotubes for one of the battery’s electrodes hold much more energy than the current breed of lithium-ion batteries. The experimental batteries use layered carbon nanotubes as the positive electrode and a lithium titanium oxide as the negative electrode. The batteries deliver power at the high-speed rates of capacitors while being able to store more energy than even the best lithium-ion batteries available today.
The carbon nanotube electrodes also proved their longevity. After 1,000 cycles of charging and discharging a test battery, there was no detectable change in the material’s performance.
That’s good news for anyone with an electric device that runs on batteries, your humble blogger included. I have to charge my Android phone each night just to get through the next day. If these batteries come to market, my little Droid Eris could last for days without a charge.
But that’s still a big if. The electrode material was produced by dipping a substrate into two different solutions, a pretty time-consuming process. One of the researchers leading the project, MIT professor of chemical engineering, Paula Hammond, says her team may have a solution. Hammond suggests that the process could be modified by spraying the alternate layers onto a moving ribbon of material, a technique now being developed in her lab.
Until then, I’m stuck charging my smart phone every night.
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Researchers are looking for the super battery(B)
Researchers are looking for the super battery(B)
A key problem is to concentrate as much as electrical energy in the smallest space. Researchers at the Fraunhofer Institute for Chemical Technology (ICT) in Pfinztal near Karlsruhe, therefore, attempt to replace conventional graphite electrodes with materials from tiny, only a few hundred nanometers thick carbon tubes and fibers. This would dramatically increase the inner electrode surface. Normally, lithium ions move only between the graphite layers of the host lattice. A task that is called intercalation. The Nanokohlenstoff from Pfinztal is also different here: “If nanotubes are deposited lithium-ion addition to the edges and surfaces of material layers. Nanotubes can also be manufactured so that a much larger proportion of occupied Interkalationsschichten of lithium-ion inspiron e1505 battery ,” says Jens Tübke head of ICT at the Department of Applied Electrochemistry.
Meanwhile, the researchers were able to increase the discharge capacity of nano-batteries to about 800 milliampere hours per gram (mAh/g). Classical graphite battery provide only 300 mAh / g. Nor is the production of micro-carbon nanotubes-consuming and expensive.
Ten times more lithium ions per gram of silicon can store as an electrode material in comparison to graphite. To the chagrin of the researchers, however, increased fourfold while the original volume of the brittle semiconductor materials. The result: After a few charge cycles to show cracks. Here, too nanostructures to solve the problem. For example, researchers at Stanford University are experimenting with micro-fine silicon tube as an electrode material . In the nanofibers mechanical stresses during loading and unloading can survive obviously much better than normal silicon crystals. In addition, the mini-tubes can be produced with the chip production process from relatively inexpensive.
In the laboratories of Stefan Koller, Institute of Chemical Technology of Materials at the Technical University of Graz are also lithium-ion inspiron 1520 batterytested with silicon electrodes. The Austrian researchers battery is however a containing silicon gel which is deposited on graphite as a substrate material. “It has graphite as a buffer to absorb the large volume changes of silicon in the ion absorption and emission,” said Koller. The new material could thus save an unchanged lifetime, more than double the amount of lithium ions. Challenge, however, remains the poor density of the materials in the electrode.
High-performance battery should base on lithium-ion plating,and are used for electric vehicles such as energy, the relatively long time to load the batteries can quickly be the Achilles heel of the technique. Until now, battery experts have always assumed that lithium ions during charging is not fast enough to move through the respective electrode material. A computer simulation, carried out the Gerbrand Ceder, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge (USA), but then placed near the opposite: the example of the standard material lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO (-4)) showed cedar that lithium-ion moving within the electrode downright brisk. But they are thwarted by the limited number of access channels in the crystal lattice, which are also difficult to reach. The result is a jam of the charge carriers.
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